A. COVID19病毒製造出來的無症狀感染者,有些研究報告只有8.44%到39%。但也有其他研究在作血清抗體檢測報告發現無症狀感染者可以高達76%。(76% of seropositive infections were associated with no symptoms)可見得,無症狀感染者的發現範圍很廣,取決當時研究的對象、環境、檢驗或設計模式。
B.COVID19無症狀/輕症的CT值
我們先看看,這些人「身體內的病毒量」。美國對一所大學4萬名學生篩檢,找出了1633名碓診者分成了:
無症狀(Asymptomatic)
有症狀(Symptomatic)
確診後才出現症狀者(Pre-symptomatic)
(a)主要調查,他們三群的病毒量相同嗎?或有哪組特別高,就是易傳播病毒出去。
無症狀感染者佔17.7%
有症狀感染者佔34.2%
Pre-symptomatic者佔48.0%
(b) 研究結論:
1.無症狀感染者,CT值高、病毒量低。
2.有症狀感染者,CT值低、病毒量高。
研究人員認為「CT值和症狀」非常有關係的。很多有症狀的病人,在檢疫的10天內或做檢查時都至少有一個症狀的。(CT values are strongly associated with symptomatology, most test subjects experienced at least one symptom at some time before or within ten days of testing COVID-19 positive.)
無症狀感染者(Asymptomatic)其繼發的傳播力比有症狀的更差,相對的危險係數也只有「0.35 relative risk 0.35, 95% CI 0.10–1.27」而已!
那些確診後才出現症狀者(Pre-symptomatic)的人,其相對的危險(0.63)比無症狀感染者(0.35)高,但其繼發的傳播力仍然比有症狀感染者低。(The summary risk ratio for asymptomatic compared with symptomatic was 0.35 (95%CI 0.1–1.27) and for presymptomatic compared with symptomatic people was 0.63 (95% CI 0.18–2.26))
研究當中發現,那些變種病毒愈來愈會有高傳染性,有時候也會增加重症感染。這次研究報告顯示:在「邊界開放後的10個月後,可能也會增加了2000名需要加護病房治療」。(This finding of high transmission scenario, which projects a peak of almost 2000 people with COVID-19 requiring intensive care during the ten months after the international border is re-opened.)
I. 「邊界開放了,不代表病毒解放了」,我們仍得自己去把疫苗打滿,還有其他NPI措施:例如口罩也得戴好!這樣,才能安全面對這次的2022年的挑戰和變化。(Continuing public health measures to restrict the spread of disease are likely to be necessary throughout 2022 )